With Track Changes on, Word keeps every deletion and insertion in the file — including text you thought you deleted. See what is still recorded and remove it for good.
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"No Markup" or "Simple Markup" in Word only changes the view. The deleted text, the earlier wording and who changed what stay in the file and reappear with one click.
Moved text and table row or cell revisions are shown but not accepted automatically. Accept or reject them in Word, then check the file again.
For insertions, deletions and formatting changes, yes: the current text is kept. The difference is that you see what was recorded first, and the new copy is scanned again to confirm no revision data is left.
Not here. If you want to undo the tracked edits, reject them in Word first, then check the file.
They are checked and removed in the body, headers, footers, footnotes and endnotes.
Their names disappear with the tracked changes. Names also stored in the reviewer list or on comments are separate items — see Remove author from Word.